riskoff,高中课本要求动词ing做宾语的词

1、riskoff，高中课本要求动词ing做宾语的词？

只接动词的-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有

admit承认 appreciate感激 avoid避免

consider考虑 delay耽搁 dislike嫌恶

enjoy喜欢 escape避免 excuse原谅

fancy想不到 feel like意欲 finish完成

forgive原谅 give up放弃 cannot help情不自禁

imagine设想 include包括 keep保持

mention提及 mind介意 miss逃过

put off推迟 practice练习 resist抵制

risk冒险

动词的-ing形式既可作及物动词的宾语，也可作介词的宾语。

1．作动词的宾语

能用-ing形式作宾语的及物动词可分两类，一类是只能用-ing形式作宾语，另一类是既可用-ing形式作宾语，也可用不定式作宾语。

①只能用-ing形式作宾语的动词

这类动词只能用-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语。

Fancy meeting you here!想不到在这儿见到你了!

I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。

They didn't mind being treated like guests. 他们不在乎被人当作宾客对待。

They admitted smoking/having smoked in the hall. 他们承认在大厅里抽过烟。

I regret saying/having said what I said.我很后悔自己说过的话。

He couldn't help laughing.他情不自禁地笑了起来。

I can't imagine the boy speaking so rudely to you. 我不能想像这个男孩对你说话这么没礼貌。

2、后边加ing的动词？

加ing的动词有forgive原谅、give up放弃、cannot help情不自禁、imagine设想、include包括、keep保持、mention提及、mind介意、miss逃过、put off推迟、practice练习、resist抵制、risk冒险。

3、修饰宾语的动名词？

动名词实际上是具有动词性质的名词，因此它可以做名词可以作的句子成分。动名词可以在句子中用作宾语。

如：

I enjoy singing.我喜欢唱歌。

He always avoids offending others.

他总是避免冒犯别人。

My brother enjoys dancing disco.

我弟弟喜欢调迪斯科。

She always advises saying quietly.

她经常建议小声说话。

1．作动词的宾语

某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，常见的此类动词有：admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,give up,cannot help(can't help),imagine,include,keep,understand,keep on,mind,report,risk,miss,put off,delay,practise,resist,suggest,depend on,think about,set about,succeed in,worry about,burst out,insist on,feel like,be used to,get used to,devote…to…，look forward to,pay attention to,get down to,escape 等。

如：

They went on walking and never stopped talking.

他们继续走，说个不停。

I found it pleasant walking along the seashore.在海滩上走真是乐事。

Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.

每当马克违反交通规则时，他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。

有些动词之后既可接动词不定式，又可接动名词，可把这类动词分为三种类型：两种形式所表达的含义基本相同，可以互换。

这类动词有：attempt ，begin，cease，continue，intend，omit，start，cannot bear，decline，disdain，loathe，neglect，commence。

例如：

They ceased talking/to talk.他们停止说话。

Prices will continue to rise/rising.物价将继续上扬。

What do you intend to do/doing next?

你下一步打算干什么？

4、动词什么时候用现在分词？

动词的现在分词形式，主要用于构成动词的现在进行时，做伴随状语，做定语等。详细讲解如下

通常来说现在分词有下列七种用法

（一）作定语

1. 动词现在分词单独作定语，通常放在所修饰词前。例如：

The sleeping boy is Tom.

2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多。例如 ：

Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.

3. 现在分词可相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开。例如：

Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.

4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如：

This is an English-speaking country.

（二）作表语

现在分词作表语多表示主语的特征。如amusing, discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing, exciting 等。例如：

The story is moving.

（三）现在分词在句中作宾语补足语，这时现在分词和前面的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓”关系。例如：

We all found his equipment interesting. (主表关系)

I saw Mary going upstairs then. (主谓关系)

（四）作状语

现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语一般是句中的主语，如果不是，需在V-ing 形式前加名词或代词主格作逻辑主语。

1. 作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。例如：

Being ill, Mary didn't come to school yesterday.

2. 作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。例如：

Seeing their teacher coming, the students stopped talking.

如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在现在分词前加上when或while。例如：

While waiting for the plane, I had a long talk with Simon.

3. 作条件状语。

V-ing 形式作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：

Working harder, you'll be No. 1 in your class.

4. 作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句。例如：

Weighing almost two hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone.

5. 作结果状语。例如：

He died, leaving nothing but debts.

6. 作伴随状语或方式状语。例如：

He sat by the roadside, begging.

（五） 现在分词的完成式表示它发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如 ：

Having finished his homework, he left the classroom.

（六） 现在分词的被动式

当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，用V-ing 形式的被动式。例如：

The factory being built now is a big one.

（七） 现在分词的否定形式是由“not + 现在分词”构成。例如：

Not having been invited to the party, she had to stay home.

附: 现在分词巩固练习

1. I can’t stand ________ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ________talking while she was working.

A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop

2. Dont sit there ________nothing. Come and help me with this table.

A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing

3. The wild flower looked like a soft orange blanket ________the desert.

A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover

4. Toms never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use ________with him.

A. to argue B. arguing C. argued D. having argued

5. The storm left, ________a lot of damage to this area.

A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused

6.________ , the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.

A. General speaking B. Speaking general

C. Generally speaking D. Speaking generally

7. You cant catch me! Jane shouted, ________away.

A. run B. running C. to run D. ran

8. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise________.

A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on

9. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk________ the good opportunity.

A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost

10.________for many years, the two brothers cant recognize each other.

A. Being separated B. Having separated

C. Having been separated D. To be separated

11. The manager, ________it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.

A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making

12. I really can’t understand ________her like that.

A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating

13. Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and ________ jokes.

A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up

14. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures______ in your mind instead of before your eyes!

A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed

15. Don’t leave the water ________while you brush your teeth.

A. run B. running C. being run D. to run

16. According to a recent survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week ________ TV.

A. to watch B. to watching C. watching D. watch

17. The man insisted ________a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.

A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding

18. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time________ the exam.

A. pass B. to pass C. passed D. passing

19. He looked around and caught a man________ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.

A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting

20. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found________ in the kitchen.

A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked

21. The discovery of new evidence led to________.

A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught

22. I couldnt find my key to the car when ________home.

A. leaving B. to leave C. left D. having left

23. Though________ money, his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in

24.________to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.

A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed

25. I really appreciate________ to relax with you on this nice island.

A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time

26. One learns a language by making mistakes and ________ them.

A. correct B. correcting C. corrects D. to correct

27. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to________ some schools for poor children.

A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up

28. Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before________ .

A. accept fully B. fully accepting C. fully been accepted D. being fully accepted

29.________this, you should have no trouble with the difficult work.

A. Knowing B. If you are knowing C. From knowing D. If you had known

30. Never________ faith in himself, the scientist went on with his research.

A. losing B. to lose C. lose D. to be lost

31.________made her very happy.

A. Her parents will come B. Her parents to come C. Her parents came D. Her parents coming

32. The________ girl was last seen________ near the park.

A. missing; playing B. missing; play

C. missed; play D. missed; to play

33. Tony was very unhappy for________ to the party.

A. having not been invited B. not having invited

C. having not invited D. not having been invited

34. When he was young, he used to go there and watch________ .

A. to repair bikes B. bikes to be repaired

C. bikes being repaired D. repairing bikes

35. After the party, the children were allowed to finish off the________ sandwiches and cakes.

A. remaining B. rest C. leaving D. remained

36. A policeman reported________ an old lady risk________ very fast on the highway.

A. to see; driving B. seeing; driving C. to see; drive D. to see; driven

37. I really appreciate________ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.

A. your offering B. that you offer C. you to offer D. that you are offering

38. What worried the boy most was________ to go to school.

A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed

C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed

39. Slowly she opened the letter,________ .

A. her hands slightly trembling B. trembling her hands slightly

C. her hands trembled slightly D. slightly her hands were trembled

40. What do you think of the book?

Oh, excellent. It’s worth________ a second time.

A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read

41. It was___ computer games that took the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.

A. to have played B. playing C. played D. having played

42. The old man told the story in a________ voice and the little girl felt very ________.

A. frightening; frightened B. frightened; frightening

C. frightening; frightening D. frightened; frightened

43. How many of us_______ , say, a meeting that has nothing to with us is not important at all.

A. to attend B. attending C. have attend D. attend

44. Did you tell her the news?

No, of course not.

But________ from what she said, she must have known about it.

A. judge B. judged C. being judged D. judging

45. He sat________ to her________ the stairs.

A. to listen; to climb B. to listen; climb C. listening; climb D. listening; to climb

46.________of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend________ her.

A. Warned; followed B. Warning; following

C. Having warned; following D. Having been warned; followed

47.________full preparations, we decided to put off the meeting till next week.

A. Not being made B. Having not made

C. Making not D. Not having made

48.________to give up smoking, he threw away his________ cigarettes.

A. Determined; remained B. Determined; remaining

C. Determining; remained D. Determining; remaining

49. Have you forgotten________ a ruler from Betty? Please remember________ it to her tomorrow.

A. borrowing; to return B. borrowing; returning

C. to borrow; to return D. to borrow; returning

50. We didnt find the Blacks________ the lecture.

No one had told them about________ a lecture the following day.

A. attended; there to be B. attending; there being

C. attend; there was D. to attend; there be

5、chances的近义词？

chance:

n. 可能性；机会，际遇；运气，侥幸

vt. 偶然发生；冒……的险

vi. 碰巧；偶然被发现

时 态: chanced, chancing, chances

近义词

n. possibility, possibleness, phenomenon, risk, peril, danger, measure

v. happen, hap, go on, pass off, occur, pass, fall out

adj. unplanned

反义词

n. planned

解析

chance 侧重指偶然或意外的机会，有时也指正常或好的机会。

opportunity 侧重指有利或适合于采取行动，以达到某一目的或实现某种愿望的最佳时机或机会。

occasion 指特殊时机或良机，也指时节。